Huawei HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0 H12-831_V1.0 Exam Dumps: Updated Questions & Answers (November 2026)

OSPFv3 operates over IPv6 and uses the IPv6 header directly. It can transmit packets in the following modes:

Multicast: Uses standard multicast addresses such as:

FF02::5 (All OSPF routers)

FF02::6 (All DR/BDR routers)

Unicast: Used for point-to-point neighbor communication when required.

Broadcast: On broadcast-capable networks, such as Ethernet.

✅ Official Reference from Huawei:

" OSPFv3 runs directly on top of IPv6 and uses the IPv6 header for transport. It supports unicast, multicast, and broadcast modes, similar to OSPFv2 but adapted for IPv6. "

— [Huawei HCIA-Datacom Certification Guide – OSPFv3 Fundamentals]

Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

1. Understanding the MPLS Data Flow in the Figure

PC1 (1.1.1.1) sends a ping to PC2 (3.3.3.3).

The MPLS domain includes R1, R2, and R3.

R1 pushes an MPLS label onto the packet (Label: 300).

Packets from PC1 to PC2 are label-switched (MPLS forwarding).

Packets from PC2 to PC1 do not carry an MPLS label (IP forwarding).

2. Evaluating Each Answer Option

Option A: " If the device is R3, R3 forwards the packet from PC1 to PC2 over an IP route. "

Incorrect.

The packet carries an MPLS label (Label 300) when entering the MPLS domain.

This means that R3 forwards the packet using MPLS, not a standard IP route.

If R3 were using an IP route, there would be no MPLS label in the packet.

Option B: " Packets from PC1 to PC2 are forwarded based on MPLS labels in the MPLS domain. "

Correct.

The packet capture shows an MPLS label (Label 300), proving that PC1’s traffic is being forwarded using MPLS switching inside the MPLS domain.

This confirms that MPLS is being used for forwarding in one direction (PC1 → PC2).

Option C: " Packets from PC2 to PC1 are forwarded based on the IP packet header in the MPLS domain. "

Correct in concept but incorrect in context.

The packet capture shows that the return traffic (PC2 → PC1) does not have an MPLS label.

However, the phrase " in the MPLS domain " makes this statement misleading, as R3 is forwarding based on pure IP routing, not MPLS forwarding.

Option D: " PC1 pings PC2. "

Correct.

The packet capture clearly shows ICMP Echo Request (ping) from PC1 (1.1.1.1) to PC2 (3.3.3.3) and an ICMP Echo Reply from PC2.

This confirms that PC1 is pinging PC2 successfully.

Final Answer:

✅ B and D are correct.

HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology References:

MPLS Label Forwarding and Static LSPs

MPLS vs. IP Routing in Different Traffic Flows

Packet Header Analysis in MPLS Networks

Huawei BGP AS_PATH filters use regular expressions to match autonomous system sequences contained in BGP routing updates.

Option A uses 00$, which matches an AS_PATH ending in 00. The provided path ends in AS 300, so the expression matches.

Option B uses .*, which matches any sequence of characters, including the entire AS_PATH. Consequently, this expression would deny all matching BGP routes.

Option C matches the substring 200, which appears in the middle of the AS_PATH.

Option D uses 00.*30, which matches a sequence beginning with 00, followed by any number of characters, and subsequently 30. The supplied AS_PATH satisfies this expression.

All four expressions match the specified path and can deny it. However, option B is excessively broad for selective production filtering.

HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0 Training Material.pdf

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Yes, this is true. In OSPFv3:

Each router generates one Link-LSA per link.

The Link-LSA contains:

The router ' s link-local address

IPv6 prefixes associated with the interface

Options that are advertised to neighbors on the same link

It is not flooded throughout the OSPF area; it is only sent on the local link (similar to a Hello packet ' s behavior).

✅ Official Reference from Huawei:

" Each router sends a Link-LSA on every attached link. This LSA is not flooded beyond the link and includes link-local address, prefix list, and interface options. "

— [Huawei HCIA-Datacom OSPFv3 Chapter – LSA Types]

???? Topology Summary:

R6 has Loopback0 IP: 2000::6/128 in Area 2 (common area).

R4 is in Area 1, which is a totally stub area — it can’t receive external (Type-5) or NSSA (Type-7) LSAs, only default route (::/0).

R1 and R2 are ABRs that connect areas.

R5 and Area 3 are not relevant here because the destination (R6) is in Area 2.

???? Option A: R4 → R2 → R6

❌ False

R4 is in Area 1, and R2 is not connected to Area 1. R4 cannot reach R2 directly, so this path is invalid.

???? Option B: R4 → R1 → R5 → R3 → R6

❌ False

Although technically possible by topology, this path is not optimal and unlikely to be selected by SPF.

Also, R4 would use default routes via R1 (ABR), not route through Area 3 when shorter paths exist.

???? Option C: R4 → R1 → R3 → R6

✅ True

Valid path:

R4 (in Area 1) uses default route to R1 (ABR).

R1 forwards to R3, which connects to R6.

This is a valid and efficient OSPFv3 path.

???? Option D: R4 → R1 → R2 → R6

✅ True

Also valid:

R4 goes to R1 via default.

R1 forwards to R2 (connected to R6).

SPF may select this path depending on link costs.

Both C and D are feasible.

✅ Final Answer: C, D

Official Huawei Extract:

" In a totally stub or NSSA area, routers use default routes learned from the ABR. Forwarding decisions to external or inter-area routes are made at the ABR level (e.g., R1), and the traffic is then forwarded based on SPF calculation. "

— [Huawei HCIA-Datacom Certification Guide – OSPFv3 Area Types and Route Selection]

???? BGP Peer Configuration Recap:

R1:

plaintext

CopyEdit

bgp 100

router-id 10.0.1.22

peer 10.0.12.2 as-number 200

R2:

plaintext

CopyEdit

bgp 200

router-id 10.0.2.1

peer 10.0.12.1 as-number 100

✅ The BGP peer relationship is being configured over directly connected IPs:

R1 uses 10.0.12.1

R2 uses 10.0.12.2

???? Is the problem caused by inconsistent router IDs?

NO. BGP does not require matching router IDs. Router IDs only need to be unique.

In fact, it ' s normal for router IDs to be different, especially in EBGP.

???? Is the problem caused by interface IP mismatch?

NO. The interface IPs are used correctly:

R1 peers with 10.0.12.2 (R2’s interface)

R2 peers with 10.0.12.1 (R1’s interface)

They are directly connected

???? Conclusion:

There is no issue with router IDs or IPs. The cause of the EBGP peer failure is not due to those fields, so the statement in the question is false.

✅ Final Answer: B. FALSE

Official Huawei Extract:

" BGP router IDs must be unique but do not need to match between peers. For EBGP over directly connected interfaces, the peer IPs must be correct, but differences in router IDs are acceptable. "

— [Huawei HCIA-Datacom Guide – BGP Peer Establishment and Troubleshooting]

Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

To determine which statement is false, we need to analyze the IS-IS topology, the role of multi-topology, the IPv6 summary configuration, and the level-1-2 behavior of IS-IS routers. Let’s break it down step by step:

Understanding the IS-IS Topology and Levels:

IS-IS supports multiple levels: Level-1 (L1) for intra-area routing, Level-2 (L2) for inter-area routing, and Level-1-2 (L1-2) routers that can operate in both levels and connect L1 and L2 areas.

In the figure, R1 and R2 are configured as Level-1-2 routers, R3 is a Level-1-2 router, R4 is a Level-1 router, and R5 is a Level-1 router. The area borders are indicated by the system IDs (49.0001 for R4’s area and 49.0002 for R3 and R5’s area).

R4’s Loopback0 has the IPv6 address 2000::/128, which is a host route (a /128 prefix, representing a single address).

Multi-Topology IS-IS for IPv6:

Multi-topology IS-IS allows separate topologies for IPv4 and IPv6, ensuring that IPv6 routes are handled independently. Since multi-topology is enabled on all routers, IPv6 routes (like 2000::/128 on R4) are advertised and processed within the IPv6 topology.

This means that IPv6 routes, including the Loopback0 address of R4 (2000::/128), can be advertised across the IS-IS domain, subject to the level and summary configurations.

IPv6 Summary Configuration (2000::/64 level-1-2):

The command ipv6 summary 2000::/64 level-1-2 is configured in the IS-IS processes of R1 and R2. This command instructs R1 and R2 (as Level-1-2 routers) to summarize the IPv6 prefix 2000::/64 and advertise it to both Level-1 and Level-2 areas.

Summarization means that instead of advertising the more specific route (e.g., 2000::/128 from R4), R1 and R2 advertise the less specific summary route 2000::/64. This summary route covers the 2000::/128 address of R4’s Loopback0.

Since R1 and R2 are Level-1-2 routers, they can advertise this summary to both their Level-1 neighbors (like R4 and R3) and Level-2 neighbors (across areas).

Analyzing Each Statement:

A. The routing table of R1 contains the route 2000::/64.

True. R1 is a Level-1-2 router with the ipv6 summary 2000::/64 level-1-2 command configured. It advertises and installs the summary route 2000::/64 in its routing table, covering the more specific 2000::/128 from R4. Additionally, as a Level-1-2 router, R1 can learn and retain this route from its IS-IS neighbors.

B. The routing table of R2 contains the route 2000::/64.

True. Similar to R1, R2 is also a Level-1-2 router with the same summary command. It advertises and installs the 2000::/64 summary route in its routing table, covering R4’s 2000::/128.

C. The routing table of R3 contains the route 2000::/128.

False. R3 is a Level-1-2 router in area 49.0002, but it receives routes from R2 (a Level-1-2 router in area 49.0001). Because R1 and R2 are configured with the ipv6 summary 2000::/64 level-1-2 command, they advertise the summary route 2000::/64 to their neighbors, including R3. IS-IS prefers the most specific route, but the summary configuration ensures that the more specific 2000::/128 from R4 is not advertised beyond R1 and R2 unless explicitly allowed. Since R3 is in a different area and receives the summary 2000::/64 from R2, it does not have the more specific 2000::/128 route in its routing table. Therefore, this statement is false.

D. The routing table of R2 contains the route 2000::/128.

True. R2, as a Level-1-2 router, is directly connected to R4 (a Level-1 router) via the IS-IS topology. R4 advertises its Loopback0 address 2000::/128 to R2. Even though R2 is configured to summarize 2000::/64, it can still retain the more specific 2000::/128 route in its routing table because IS-IS allows routers to keep both summary and more specific routes, with the more specific route taking precedence for routing decisions.

Conclusion:

The false statement is C, as R3 does not contain the route 2000::/128 in its routing table. Instead, R3 receives the summary route 2000::/64 from R2 due to the summary configuration on R1 and R2.

References to HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology Documents:

HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0, Section on IS-IS: Multi-Topology IS-IS for IPv6, Level-1 and Level-2 Operations, and Route Summarization.

HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology V1.0, Chapter on IPv6 Routing Protocols: IS-IS Configuration and Behavior, Including Summary Address Commands and L1/L2 Interactions.

Huawei classifies the principal MAC address-table entries as dynamic, static and blackhole entries:

Dynamic entries are learned automatically from the source MAC addresses of received frames and are subject to aging.

Static entries are manually configured, do not age and remain after a saved configuration is restarted.

Blackhole entries are manually configured to discard frames sourced from or destined for specified MAC addresses.

Service modules can further classify or convert dynamically learned entries according to a particular service. Huawei examples include secure MAC, authentication MAC, guest MAC and MUX MAC entries. These are collectively referred to as service MAC address entries. Their forwarding and aging behavior is controlled by the feature that created or converted them—for example, port security, access authentication or MUX VLAN.

Therefore, the statement is correct: in addition to the three fundamental MAC-entry classes, a switch may contain service-specific MAC entries that are generally derived from or further classifications of dynamically learned entries. Huawei MAC address-entry classification

Traditional BGP-4 was designed primarily to advertise IPv4 unicast routing information between autonomous systems.

However, BGP/MPLS IP VPN networks require additional capabilities to transport VPN-specific route information, including Route Distinguishers, Route Targets, and VPN labels.

Multiprotocol BGP (MP-BGP) provides these capabilities by extending BGP through attributes such as MP_REACH_NLRI and MP_UNREACH_NLRI.

MP-BGP supports VPNv4 address families, enabling Provider Edge routers to exchange customer VPN routes while preserving routing separation between VPN instances.

The VPNv4 address family combines a 64-bit RD with a 32-bit IPv4 address, forming a 96-bit VPNv4 address.

Therefore, ordinary BGP-4 IPv4 unicast route advertisements are insufficient for exchanging VPNv4 routing information.

The statement is FALSE because VPNv4 route exchange requires MP-BGP capabilities rather than conventional BGP-4 IPv4 unicast advertisement.

Comprehensive and Detailed In-Depth Explanation:

To determine which LSAs are available in Area 0, we need to analyze the OSPFv3 network, the area types, and the behavior of external routes in an NSSA, considering the possibility of multiple correct answers. Let’s break it down step by step:

Understanding the Network and Area Types:

The network has two areas: Area 0 (backbone area) and Area 1 (Not-So-Stubby Area or NSSA).

R1, located in Area 1, imports an external IPv6 route (2000::1/128) into OSPFv3.

Area 0 is the backbone area, and Area 1 is an NSSA, which allows limited external routes but has specific restrictions on LSA types.

OSPFv3 LSA Types and Their Roles:

Link-LSA (Type 8): These are link-local LSAs, flooded only within the local link and not propagated beyond the local segment. They are not flooded into Area 0 or other areas, so they are not relevant for inter-area or external route advertisement.

Inter-Area-Router-LSA (Type 4): These LSAs are used to describe routers in other areas, specifically Autonomous System Boundary Routers (ASBRs) that originate external routes. In this case, R1 is an ASBR in Area 1 (NSSA) importing the external route 2000::1/128. Type 4 LSAs are generated by the ABR (e.g., R1 or another router connecting Area 1 to Area 0) and flooded into Area 0 to provide reachability information to the ASBR (R1) for the external route. Therefore, Inter-Area-Router-LSAs can be present in Area 0 to help routers reach R1 as the ASBR.

Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (Type 9): These LSAs advertise prefixes associated with routers or transit networks within the same area. They are not used for external routes and are confined to Area 1, so they are not available in Area 0.

Inter-Area-Prefix-LSA (Type 3): These LSAs advertise prefixes from one area to another, including routes summarized or redistributed into the OSPF domain. In an NSSA, external routes (like 2000::1/128) are advertised as Type 7 LSAs within Area 1. The ABR (e.g., R1 or another router) translates these Type 7 LSAs into Type 5 LSAs or, in OSPFv3, they may be represented as Inter-Area-Prefix-LSAs (Type 3) to flood the external route into Area 0. Thus, Inter-Area-Prefix-LSAs are available in Area 0 for the external route 2000::1/128.

Behavior of External Routes in an NSSA:

In OSPFv3, an NSSA (like Area 1) allows external routes to be imported by an ASBR (R1 in this case). NSSAs do not flood Type 5 LSAs (external LSAs) directly into the area. Instead, external routes are advertised as Type 7 LSAs within the NSSA.

The Area Border Router (ABR) connecting the NSSA (Area 1) to the backbone (Area 0)—likely R1 or another router—translates the Type 7 LSAs into Type 5 LSAs (or, in OSPFv3, they may be represented as Inter-Area-Prefix-LSAs or other appropriate LSAs for external routes). These translated LSAs are then flooded into Area 0.

Additionally, since R1 is an ASBR, Area 0 needs to know how to reach R1 to access the external route 2000::1/128. This is achieved through Inter-Area-Router-LSAs (Type 4), which are flooded into Area 0 by the ABR to describe the location of the ASBR (R1) in Area 1.

Determining LSAs Available in Area 0:

Link-LSA (Type 8): These are link-local and not flooded into Area 0, so they are not available in Area 0.

Inter-Area-Router-LSA (Type 4): Since R1 is an ASBR in Area 1 (NSSA) importing the external route, the ABR (e.g., R1 or another router) generates Inter-Area-Router-LSAs to advertise R1’s location to Area 0. This LSA is necessary for routers in Area 0 to reach the ASBR (R1) for the external route 2000::1/128. Therefore, Inter-Area-Router-LSAs are available in Area 0.

Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA (Type 9): These are confined to Area 1 and not flooded into Area 0, so they are not available in Area 0.

Inter-Area-Prefix-LSA (Type 3): This LSA is used to advertise the external prefix 2000::1/128 into Area 0 after translation from Type 7 LSAs in Area 1. Therefore, Inter-Area-Prefix-LSAs are available in Area 0.

Conclusion:

The external route 2000::1/128, imported by R1 in Area 1 (NSSA), results in both Inter-Area-Router-LSAs (Type 4) and Inter-Area-Prefix-LSAs (Type 3) being available in Area 0.

Inter-Area-Router-LSA (Type 4) is present to describe the location of the ASBR (R1) in Area 1, allowing routers in Area 0 to reach R1 for the external route.

Inter-Area-Prefix-LSA (Type 3) is present to advertise the external prefix 2000::1/128 into Area 0 after translation from the Type 7 LSA in Area 1.

Therefore, the correct answers are B (Inter-Area-Router-LSA) and D (Inter-Area-Prefix-LSA).

References (Based on HCIP-Datacom-Advanced Routing & Switching Technology Concepts):

OSPFv3 LSA Types: HCIP-Datacom documentation on OSPFv3 LSAs, including Link-LSA, Inter-Area-Router-LSA, Intra-Area-Prefix-LSA, and Inter-Area-Prefix-LSA (e.g., Section on OSPFv3 Fundamentals).

NSSA Behavior in OSPFv3: HCIP-Datacom coverage of NSSA areas, Type 7 LSAs, and their translation to Type 5 or Inter-Area-Prefix-LSAs for Area 0, as well as Inter-Area-Router-LSAs for ASBR reachability (e.g., Chapter on OSPFv3 Advanced Features and Area Types).

External Route Propagation: HCIP-Datacom explanation of external route handling in OSPFv3, including ASBR and ABR roles, and LSA types for inter-area and external route advertisement (e.g., Section on Route Redistribution and IPv6 OSPF).