OCEG GRC Auditor Certification Exam GRCA Exam Dumps: Updated Questions & Answers (October 2025)

Follow-up on the implementation status of recommendations based on high priority, due or overdue items, or time-sensitive items is known as Follow-Up by Targeted Review. This approach focuses on areas that are of critical importance or where timely implementation is essential. It helps ensure that the most significant risks are addressed promptly and that any delays in addressing recommendations are identified and managed.References:

IIA Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing

COSO Internal Control – Integrated Framework

The key steps in the Assurance Process are Plan, Perform, Report, and Follow-Up. This structured approach ensures that assurance activities are conducted methodically and effectively:

Plan:Define the objectives, scope, and methodology of the assurance activity.

Perform:Carry out the assurance activity based on the defined plan.

Report:Document and communicate findings, conclusions, and recommendations.

Follow-Up:Verify that recommendations are implemented and assess their effectiveness.

These steps help ensure that assurance activities provide valuable insights and drive improvements within the organization.References:

IIA Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing

COSO Internal Control – Integrated Framework

While GRC Assessment Tools can greatly aid in conducting a GRC assessment by providing structured methodologies and frameworks, it is not mandatory to use them. Assessments can be conducted using other methods and tools as long as they are systematic and thorough. The key is to apply professional judgment and ensure the assessment is comprehensive and aligned with the organization's needs.References:

ISO 31000:2018 - Risk management – Guidelines

COSO Internal Control – Integrated Framework

It is important to confirm observations and recommendations with personnel who conduct the work being assessed. Engaging with them ensures accuracy and relevance in the findings and recommendations, as they provide context and insights that the assurance team might not have. This collaboration helps to avoid misunderstandings and ensures that the recommendations are practical and feasible for implementation.References:

ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems

COSO Internal Control – Integrated Framework

Inspecting the use of a RACI template in the field to see how it is being used is classified as a substantive test. This test involves examining actual instances of the RACI template's application to verify its proper use in practice. It goes beyond evaluating the design of the control (the template itself) and looks at the real-world implementation and effectiveness, providing evidence on how the control operates in practice.

References:

AICPA Auditing Standards

ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems

The timing of assessment notification should depend on the purpose and parameters of the assessment and whether fraud is suspected. In cases where fraud is suspected, notifying too early might allow those involved to conceal evidence. Conversely, early notification can facilitate better planning and coordination for assessments where fraud is not a concern. The decision should be based on the specific context and objectives of the assessment.References:

ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems

COSO Internal Control – Integrated Framework

If follow-up discovers that actions and controls haven't been implemented, it is important to use professional judgment and work with the action owner to understand why the plans have not been implemented. Immediate escalation to the board without understanding the context may not be the most effective approach. Engaging with the action owner can help identify obstacles and facilitate a constructive resolution. Escalation should be considered if there is a significant risk or if there is consistent non-compliance despite reasonable efforts to address the issue.References:

ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems

IIA Standards for the Professional Practice of Internal Auditing

GRC (Governance, Risk, and Compliance) integrates multiple disciplines to create a cohesive approach to managing an organization's overall governance, risk management, and compliance with regulations. The integrated disciplines include:

Audit and Assurance: Ensuring internal controls are effective and compliance with laws and policies.

Governance and Oversight: Establishing frameworks and policies to guide the organization.

Strategy and Performance Management: Aligning risk management and compliance with strategic objectives.

Quality and Conformance: Ensuring products/services meet regulatory and customer standards.

Information Privacy and Security: Protecting sensitive data and ensuring information security.

Compliance and Ethics: Adhering to legal requirements and promoting ethical behavior.

Risk and Decision Support: Identifying, assessing, and mitigating risks to support decision-making.

The integration of these disciplines ensures a comprehensive approach to managing risks and achieving organizational objectives.

References:

OCEG GRC Capability Model (Red Book)

ISO 31000:2018 - Risk management – Guidelines

COSO Enterprise Risk Management – Integrating with Strategy and Performance

Any and all of the listed roles can conduct assurance activities provided they have the appropriate purpose and parameters defined. Assurance activities are not limited to a specific function but can be performed by various roles within an organization, such as Internal Audit, Compliance, Risk Management, and Information Security, among others. The key is that these roles must operate with the proper scope, authority, and independence to provide credible and reliable assurance.References:

COSO Internal Control – Integrated Framework

ISO 31000:2018 - Risk management – Guidelines

When inspecting information, the Content Criteria provides a guide to evaluating the design of the control. Content Criteria help ensure that the controls are appropriately designed to achieve their intended purpose. Evaluating the design involves assessing whether the control's structure, procedures, and policies are adequate to mitigate identified risks and meet regulatory and organizational requirements.References:

ISO 19011:2018 - Guidelines for auditing management systems

COSO Internal Control – Integrated Framework